War of Liberation (1945-49), after which the Communists 共產黨武裝|共产党武装 under Mao Zedong 毛澤東|毛泽东 took over from the Nationalists 國民政府|国民政府 under Chiang Kai-shek 蔣介石|蒋介石
Definitions (Wiktionary)
name, Mainland-China
Chinese Communist Revolution (syn.) 戡乱战争, 戡亂戰爭