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Jyutping gaan1 naan4
Pinyin jiān nán

Definitions (CC-CEDICT)
  1. difficult
  2. hard
  3. challenging
Definitions (粵典–words.hk)
  1. 形容詞
    要​克服​好多​困難​,​需要​好多​努力​先​完成​到​,​甚至​冇​辦法​完成​;​通常​形容​一​啲​經歷
    difficult; hard
    • 過啲艱難嘅生活
      过啲艰难嘅生活
      gwo2 di1 gaan1 naan4 ge3 sang1 wut6
      living a difficult life
    • 希臘嘅緊縮之路會好艱難。
      希腊嘅紧缩之路会好艰难。
      hei1 lip6 ge3 gan2 suk1 zi1 lou6 wui5 hou2 gaan1 naan4.
      The austerity package will make Greek days hard.
Definitions (Wiktionary)
  1. adj
    hard; difficult; challenging
    (syn.) 良苦, 辛苦, 辛劳, 艰巨, 疑難, 勤, 辛勞, 艱巨, 难, 艱苦, 艰苦, 難, 疑难, 苦难, 苦難, 困难, 不容易, 困難
    • 時局艱難
      时局艰难
      shí jú jiān nán
      difficult political situation
Definitions (Kaifangcidian)
  1. (沒有對應漢語詞彙)
Definitions (HSK3.0)
  1. HSK3 五级词汇表 #377
Examples (Tatoeba—Mandarin-English)
  1. Mandarin
    选择什么是“对”或“错”是一项艰难的任务,我们却必须要完成它。
    選擇什麼是“對”或“錯”是一項艱難的任務,我們卻必須要完成它。
    xuǎn zé shén me shì “ duì ” huò “ cuò ” shì yī xiàng jiān nán de rèn wu , wǒ men què bì xū yào wán chéng tā 。
    • It is a difficult task, choosing what is "right" or "wrong", but you have to do it.
    • It's difficult choosing between what's right and what's wrong, but you have to make the choice.
  2. Mandarin
    我知道你们的所做的一切并不只是为了赢得选举,我也知道你们做这一切并不是为了我。你们这样做是因为你们明白前面的任务有多么艰巨。即便我们今晚欢呼庆祝,我们也知道明天将面临我们一生之中最艰难的挑战——两场战争、一个面临危险的星球,一个世纪以来最严重的金融危机。
    我知道你們的所做的一切並不只是為了贏得選舉,我也知道你們做這一切並不是為了我。你們這樣做是因為你們明白前面的任務有多麼艱鉅。即便我們今晚歡呼慶祝,我們也知道明天將面臨我們一生之中最艱難的挑戰——兩場戰爭、一個面臨危險的星球,一個世紀以來最嚴重的金融危機。
    wǒ zhī dào nǐ men de suǒ zuò de yī qiè bìng bù zhǐ shì wèi le yíng dé xuǎn jǔ , wǒ yě zhī dào nǐ men zuò zhè yī qiè bìng bù shì wèi le wǒ 。 nǐ men zhè yàng zuò shì yīn wèi nǐ men míng bai qián miàn de rèn wu yǒu duō me jiān jù 。 jí biàn wǒ men jīn wǎn huān hū qìng zhù , wǒ men yě zhī dào míng tiān jiāng miàn lín wǒ men yī shēng zhī zhōng zuì jiān nán de tiǎo zhàn —— liǎng chǎng zhàn zhēng 、 yí gè miàn lín wēi xiǎn de xīng qiú , yí gè shì jì yǐ lái zuì yán zhòng de jīn róng wēi jī 。
    • And I know you didn't do this just to win an election. And I know you didn't do it for me. You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead. For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime: two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century.
  3. Mandarin
    我想让她干这项艰难的工作。
    我想讓她幹這項艱難的工作。
    wǒ xiǎng ràng tā gàn zhè xiàng jiān nán de gōng zuò 。
    • I want her to do the difficult work.
    • I want to leave this difficult job to her.
  4. Mandarin
    我想把这项艰难的工作留给她。
    我想把這項艱難的工作留給她。
    wǒ xiǎng bǎ zhè xiàng jiān nán de gōng zuò liú gěi tā 。
    • I want to leave this difficult job to her.
  5. Mandarin
    他的勇气将帮助他度过这艰难的任务。
    他的勇氣將幫助他度過這艱難的任務。
    tā de yǒng qì jiāng bāng zhù tā dù guò zhè jiān nán de rèn wu 。
    • His courage will carry him through this difficult job.
Examples (粵典–words.hk)
  1. Cantonese
    艰难嘅决定
    艱難嘅決定
    gaan1 naan4 ge3 kyut3 ding6
    • tough decision
  2. Cantonese
    时世艰难
    時世艱難
    • hard time
  3. Cantonese
    而家揾食艰难。
    而家揾食艱難。
    ji4 gaa1 wan2 sik6 gaan1 naan4.
    • It's hard to make a living now.
  4. Cantonese
    虽然佢嘅生活好艰难,但佢仍然好坚强噉过每一日。
    雖然佢嘅生活好艱難,但佢仍然好堅強噉過每一日。
    seoi1 jin4 keoi5 ge3 sang1 wut6 hou2 gaan1 naan4, daan6 keoi5 jing4 jin4 hou2 gin1 koeng4 gam2 gwo3 mui5 jat1 jat6.
    • Though she has a tough life, she staunchly lives through her days.
  5. Cantonese
    从呢件小事上佢严厉嘅态度可以一叶知秋,同学仔未来会过得好艰难。
    從呢件小事上佢嚴厲嘅態度可以一葉知秋,同學仔未來會過得好艱難。
    • From his demanding attitude in this trivial matter, we can predict that students will have a hard time.
Examples (Wiktionary)
  1. Mandarin
    时局艰难
    時局艱難
    shí jú jiān nán
    • difficult political situation
  2. Mandarin
    在社会主义事业中,要想不经过艰难曲折,不付出极大努力,总是一帆风顺,容易得到成功,这种想法,只是幻想。
    在社會主義事業中,要想不經過艱難曲折,不付出極大努力,總是一帆風順,容易得到成功,這種想法,只是幻想。
    zài shè huì zhǔ yì shì yè zhōng , yào xiǎng bù jīng guò jiān nán qū zhé , bù fù chū jí dà nǔ lì , zǒng shì yī fān fēng shùn , róng yì dé dào chéng gōng , zhè zhǒng xiǎng fǎ , zhǐ shì huàn xiǎng .
    • It is sheer fantasy to imagine that the cause of socialism is all plain sailing and easy success, with no difficulties and setbacks, or without the exertion of tremendous efforts.
  3. Mandarin
    不足部分,可以种杂粮、捞鱼虾、饲鸡豕,或出卖一部分劳动力,勉强维持生活,于艰难竭蹶之中,存聊以卒岁之想。
    不足部分,可以種雜糧、撈魚蝦、飼雞豕,或出賣一部分勞動力,勉強維持生活,於艱難竭蹶之中,存聊以卒歲之想。
    bù zú bù fen , kě yǐ zhòng zá liáng , lāo yú xiā , sì jī shǐ , huò chū mài yī bù fen láo dòng lì , miǎn qiǎng wéi chí shēng huó , yú jiān nán jié jué zhī zhōng , cún liáo yǐ zú suì zhī xiǎng .
    • To make up their deficit they cultivate side crops, catch fish or shrimps, raise poultry or pigs, or sell part of their labour power, and thus eke out a living, hoping in the midst of hardship and destitution to tide over the year.
  4. Mandarin
    任何新生事物的成长都是要经过艰难曲折的。在社会主义事业中,要想不经过艰难曲折,不付出极大努力,总是一帆风顺,容易得到成功,这种想法,只是幻想。
    任何新生事物的成長都是要經過艱難曲折的。在社會主義事業中,要想不經過艱難曲折,不付出極大努力,總是一帆風順,容易得到成功,這種想法,只是幻想。
    rèn hé xīn shēng shì wù de chéng zhǎng dōu shì yào jīng guò jiān nán qū zhé de . zài shè huì zhǔ yì shì yè zhōng , yào xiǎng bù jīng guò jiān nán qū zhé , bù fù chū jí dà nǔ lì , zǒng shì yī fān fēng shùn , róng yì dé dào chéng gōng , zhè zhǒng xiǎng fǎ , zhǐ shì huàn xiǎng .
    • New things always have to experience difficulties and setbacks as they grow. It is sheer fantasy to imagine that the cause of socialism is all plain sailing and easy success, with no difficulties and setbacks, or without the exertion of tremendous efforts.
  5. Cantonese
    第四阶段系一个艰难嘅时期,当时我系打巴嘅县长,在打巴有两个广东人嘅埠仔,埠仔嘅领袖曾经抵抗及杀死过匪徒,佢地嘅勇气被我一种嘅鼓励,我永远唔会忘记佢地。 [Cantonese, trad.]第四阶段系一个艰难嘅时期,当时我系打巴嘅县长,在打巴有两个广东人嘅埠仔,埠仔嘅领袖曾经抵抗及杀死过匪徒,佢地嘅勇气被我一种嘅鼓励,我永远唔会忘记佢地。
    第四階段係一個艱難嘅時期,當時我係打巴嘅縣長,在打巴有兩個廣東人嘅埠仔,埠仔嘅領袖曾經抵抗及殺死過匪徒,佢地嘅勇氣被我一種嘅鼓勵,我永遠唔會忘記佢地。 [Cantonese, trad.]第四阶段系一个艰难嘅时期,当时我系打巴嘅县长,在打巴有两个广东人嘅埠仔,埠仔嘅领袖曾经抵抗及杀死过匪徒,佢地嘅勇气被我一种嘅鼓励,我永远唔会忘记佢地。
    dai6 sei3 gaai1 dyun6 hai6 jat1 go3 gaan1 naan4 ge3 si4 kei4, dong1 si4 ngo5 hai6 daa2 baa1 ge3 jyun2 zoeng2, hai2 daa2 baa1 jau5 loeng5 go3 gwong2 dung1 jan4 ge3 fau6 zai2, fau6 zai2 ge3 ling5 zau6 cang4 ging1 dai2 kong3 kap6 saat3 sei2 gwo3 fei2 tou4, keoi5 dei6 ge3 jung5 hei3 bei2 ngo5 jat1 zung2 ge3 gu2 lai6, ngo5 wing5 jyun5 m4 wui5 mong4 gei3 keoi5 dei6.
    • The fourth stage is a difficult time: At the time, I was the head of Tapah, and in Tapah there were two Cantonese towns; the leaders of the towns had resisted and killed bandits; their bravery gave me a sort of encouragement, and I will never forget them.